Meaning
therefore
- therefore, consequently
In a sentence
Ho finito il lavoro, pertanto posso uscire.
I finished the work, so I can go out.
Il negozio è chiuso; pertanto torneremo domani.
The shop is closed; therefore we'll come back tomorrow.
Piove forte; pertanto, restiamo a casa stasera.
It's raining hard; therefore, we're staying home tonight.
Usage notes
- Pertanto is formal and common in writing, speeches, and bureaucracy; in everyday conversation, quindi or perciò usually sound more natural.
- It often links clauses after a semicolon or at the start of a sentence; avoid overusing it in casual emails or chat.
- Do not confuse it with per tanto; pertanto is one word when meaning therefore.